Rates of Reaction :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 10

History - Essay Example These letters show what number of Americans were influenced by the Great Depression, yet it likewise looks at singular encounters and responses to such experiences.1 2. What are the benefits of utilizing letters instead of oral narratives or reports by New Deal examiners to find out about the reactions of common individuals to the incredible sadness? How did individuals react? Did various classes (upper, center, lower), racial gatherings, age gatherings, or men versus ladies react in an unexpected way? There are positively focal points to McElvaine’s utilization of letters in his record of the United States during the Great Depression contrasted with utilizing oral chronicles or without a doubt utilizing the reports of New Deal Investigators. Oral chronicles are not generally precise on the off chance that they are related years or even a very long time after the occasions they depict. Individuals may not generally recall things precisely, or they may get subtleties obfuscated up. Then again reports by New Deal columnists may not generally be viewed as dependable, likewise with any association set up by an administration they could have introduced a progressively positive light on occasions. Such mistakes would have been to exhibit that the New Deal was effectively countering the most noticeably terrible effects of the Great Depression. Individuals of various social, financial, and racial gatherings composed the letters as the Great Depression affected all segments of Americ an culture. While past financial downturns had hit the most unfortunate the hardest, the Great Depression was remarkable in scale and seriousness with up to 30 million individuals influenced. President Hoover’s endeavors to reestablish trust in the economy fizzled while measures to reduce destitution and joblessness demonstrated completely insufficient. 2 The Great Depression hit horticulture and mechanical laborers hard, the breakdown of banks influenced everyone. The rural area was especially influenced by

Parents and Their Children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Guardians and Their Children - Essay Example Most guardians don't appear to be worried about the conceivable result of this issue inside their families. In addition, this issue is firmly associated with Judaism and Christianity which are considered as the world’s most prominent religions. Much of the time, kin contention is ascribed to antagonistic vibe between kin. This hostility can be portrayed in various strategies, which are amazingly hazardous. This shows this contention as a rule includes hostility; be that as it may, kin competition isn't identified with kin misuse. Kin misuse is a circumstance whereby a kid persecutes the other through unnoticeable procedures (Susan, 1992). As per analysts, kin contention can be characterized as a type of rivalry that harvests up among kids in a home (Susan, 1992). This can likewise be alluded to as ill will among youngsters whether they are blood-related or not. As a rule, the competition emerges from a few factors that are contained either outside or inside the family. A portion of the components incorporate character of the youngsters, birth request, treatment of kids by the guardians and beneficial encounters. This dispute endlessly influences youngsters who are of a similar sexual orientation or the individuals who are conceived at a short proximity. As clarified by most youngster clinicians, this issue is across the board and can include hostility among the kids. What's more, the variables to a great extent add to this contention. For instance, parental treatment is said to influence kids, even in their young years. At the point when these issues are not settled, at that point the kids may wind up harming one another or in any event, murdering their kindred kin. Reports show that offspring old enough 10-15 are those influenced to a great extent by kin contention with the fundamental issue being education. In delayed circumstances, these desire issues can flourish to adulthood (Faber and Mazlish, 2012). This can contrarily influence the entire family line.

Common Features of a Shakespeare Comedy Essay Example Essay Example

Regular Features of a Shakespeare Comedy Essay Example Paper Regular Features of a Shakespeare Comedy Essay Introduction Regular Features of a Shakespeare Comedy What makes a Shakespeare satire recognizable if the class isn't unmistakable from the Shakespeare disasters and chronicles? This is a continuous territory of discussion, however many accept that the comedies share certain qualities, as portrayed beneath: Comedy through language: Shakespeare imparted his parody through language and his satire plays are peppered with astute word play, analogies and put-down. 1. Love: The topic of affection is pervasive in each Shakespeare satire. Regularly, we are given arrangements of sweethearts who, through the course of the play, conquer the obstructions in their relationship and join together. Love in Shakespearean satire is more grounded than the latency of custom, the influence of shrewdness, or the fortunes of possibility and time. In these plays however one (Troilus and Cressida), the snags introduced to adore are triumphantly survived, as clashes are settled and blunders excused in a general atmosphere of compromise and conjugal delight at the play’s close. Such uncompromising characters as Shylock, Malvolio, and Don John, who decide not to carry on of adoration, can't be suited in this plan, and they are deliberately disconnected from the activity before the peak. Complex plots: The plotline of a Shakespeare parody contains a bigger number of exciting bends in the road than his catastrophes and narratives. In spite of the fact that the plots are intricate, they do follow comparative examples. For instance, the peak of the play consistently happens in the third demonstration and the last scene has a celebratory vibe when the sweethearts at long last pronounce their affection for one another. Normal Features of a Shakespeare Comedy Essay Body Paragraphs In addition, the setting of marriageâ€at least insinuated, is the top stone of the comedic arrangement, for these plays not just joy and engage, they attest, ensuring what's to come. Marriage, with its guarantee of posterity, revitalizes society and rises above the simply close to home component in sexual fascination and sentimental love. Mixed up personalities: The plot is frequently determined by mixed up character. Here and there this is a purposeful piece of a villain’s plot, as in Much Ado About Nothing when Don John stunts Claudio into accepting that his life partner has been unfaithful through mixed up personality. Characters likewise play scenes in mask and it isn't remarkable for female characters to camouflage themselves as male characters, seen in Portia in the Merchant of venice. Shakespeare’s 17 comedies are the most hard to characterize in light of the fact that they cover in style with different classes. Pundits frequently depict a few plays as tragi-c omedies since they blend equivalent proportions of catastrophe and parody. For instance, Much Ado About Nothing begins as a Shakespeare satire, however assumes the qualities of a catastrophe when Hero is disrespected and fakes her own demise. Now, the play shares more for all intents and purpose with Romeo and Juliet, one of Shakespeare’s key catastrophes. The 18 plays commonly named satire are as per the following: 1 All’s Well That Ends Well 2 As You Like It 3 The Comedy of Errors 4 Cymbeline 5 Love’s Labour’s Lost 6 Measure for Measure 7 The Merry Wives of Windsor 8 The Merchant of Venice 9 A Midsummer Night’s Dream 10 Much Ado About Nothing 11 Pericles, Prince of Tire 12 The Taming of the Shrew 13 The Tempest 14 Troilus and Cressida 15 Twelfth Night 16 Two Gentlemen of Verona 7 The Two Noble Kinsmen 18 The Winter’s Tale 2. 3. Parody is a show that incites giggling at human conduct, for the most part includes sentimental love, and for the most part has a cheerful consummation. In Shakespeare’s day the regular satire ordered the battle of youthful sweethearts to overcome some trouble, typically introduced by their older folks, and the play finished joyfully in marriage or the possibility of marriage. Now and then the battle was to bring isolated darlings or relatives together, and their gathering was the cheerful summit (this regularly included marriage too). Shakespeare for the most part watched these shows, however his imagination inside them yielded numerous varieties. 4. Eighteen plays are commonly included among Shakespeare’s comedies. In estimated request of structure, they are. These works are regularly separated into particular subclasses mirroring the playwright’s advancement. The initial seven, all expounded before on 1598, are approximately classed as the ‘early comedies’, however they fluctuate extensively in both quality and character. The last four of theseâ€Loves La bour’s Lost, the Dream, the Merchant, and the Merry Wivesâ€are once in a while isolated as a transitional gathering, or connected with the following three of every an enormous ‘middle comedies’ order. The Merry Wives is fairly strange regardless; it speaks to a kind of comedyâ€the ‘city play’, a claim to fame of suchwriters as Ben Jonson and Thomas Dekkerâ€that Shakespeare didn't in any case compose. The following three plays. Much Ado, As You Like It, and Twelfth Night, are regularly thought to comprise Shakespeare’s most prominent accomplishment in satire; all composed around 1599-1600, they are known as the sentimental, or develop, comedies. The following gathering of three plays, called the Problem Plays, which incorporate Alls Well that Ends Well, Troilus and Cressida, and Measure for Measure that were written in the principal long periods of the seventeenth century, as Shakespeare was at the same time making his most prominent c atastrophes. The last bunch, all expounded between on 1607 and 1613, make up the greater part of the playwright’s last period. They are known as the Romances which incorporate Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale, The Tempest, and regularly The Two Noble Kinsman. (The difficult plays and sentiments were proposed to consolidate Tragedy and satire in Tragicomedies. Numerous minor varieties in this order conspire are conceivable; undoubtedly, the limits of the entire kind are not fixed, for Timon of Athens is frequently included among the comedies, and Troilus and Cressida is now and again viewed as a catastrophe. 5. Shakespeare’s most punctual comedies are like existing plays, mirroring his naiveté. The Comedy of Errorsâ€thought by numerous researchers to be his first dramatization, however the dating of Shakespeare’s early works is incredibly difficultâ€is based on a play by the antiquated Roman producer Plautus. Naturally, Shakespeare enhanced hi s source, however with material from another play by Plautus. The Subplot of The Taming of the Shrew was taken from a famous play of an age prior, and the principle plot was notable in old stories, however the blend was brilliantly concocted. The Two Gentlemen of Verona moreover manages natural scholarly material, treating it in the way of John Lyly, the best parody author when Shakespeare started his profession. 6. Be that as it may, the youthful dramatist before long found the certainty to try, and in Loves Labour’s Lost, the Dream, and the Merchant, he made a gathering of uncommon works that most likely surprised Elizabethan playgoers, however pleasurably, we may assume. In the principal he made his own fundamental plot and utilized an unmistakably English minor departure from the Italian Commedia Dell’Arte customs for a sub-plot. He along these lines created an amazing exhibit of comic circumstances. The play’s copious topical diversion was absolutely valued by the first crowds, albeit today we don’t consistently comprehend what it is about. Regardless, the significant characters are enchanting youthful darlings, the minor ones are whimsical unconventionalities, and the end upset de theater, with which an obscuring state of mind concludes the work, is a dazzling development. As of now, the inevitable turn towards tragicomedy is foreshadowed. A Midsummer Night’s Dream blends themes from numerous sources, yet the story is again the playwright’s own; in addition, the play’s uncommon mix of peculiarity and excellence was altogether remarkable and has once in a while been approximated since. The Merchant of Venice blends a social topic, usury, into an ordinary parody plot to develop the reverberation of the ultimate result just as to shift the recipe. Here, the risk that is at last turned away is so desperate as to create a practically shocking mind-set, again envisioning advancements later in the playwright†™s vocation. . The authority that Shakespeare had accomplished by the late 1590s is reflected in the insouciance of the titles he gave his develop comedies (Twelfth Night’s subtitleâ€â€™What You Will’â€matches the others). That dominance is joined by a genuine goal that is deficient in the most punctual comedies. Shakespeare couldn't overlook the inborn strength in the differentiation between life as it is lived and the getaway from life spoke to by parody. In Much Ado, as in The Merchant of Venice, a genuine risk to life and joy counters the foam of a sentimental sham. Indeed, even in As You Like It, one of the most simply engaging of Shakespeare’s plays, the despairing Jaques intervenes his conviction that life is irredeemably degenerate. Feste’s tune at the end of Twelfth Night gives contacting articulation to such notions, as he sends us from the performance center with the despairing hold back, ‘the downpour it raineth each dayâ₠¬â„¢ (5. 1. 391). We are not expected to pay attention to him as well, yet we can't maintain a strategic distance from the acknowledgment that even the life of a jokester might be a miserable one. The develop comedies accordingly further a mixing of satire and disaster. 8. At long last, in any case, all of Shakespeare’s comedies, including the later issue plays and sentiments, are driven by affection. Love in Shakespearean satire is more grounded than the dormancy of custom, the influence of insidiousness, or the fortunes of possibility and time. In these plays however one (Troilus and Cressida), the deterrents introduced to adore are triumphantly survived, as clashes are settled and blunders pardoned in a general

Dirksen, Everett McKinley

Dirksen, Everett McKinley Dirksen, Everett McKinley dûrk ´s?n [key], 1896â€"1969, American politician, b. Pekin, Ill. A veteran of World War I, he held minor offices in Pekin before serving in the U.S. House of Representatives (1933â€"49). As a Republican member of the House, Dirksen was critical of New Deal monetary and fiscal policies but supported President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's foreign policy. Elected to the Senate in 1950 and reelected in 1956, 1962, and 1968, he maintained a generally conservative position on domestic legislation. Elected Republican whip of the Senate in 1957, he became minority leader in 1959. With House minority leader Charles A. Halleck, Dirksen began (1961) to hold weekly televised news conferences to voice Republican opposition to President Kennedy's administration; these came to be known as the Ev and Charlie Shows. In 1964â€"65, however, he worked to secure passage of the Johnson administration's Civil Rights Bill and Voting Rights Act. See Ev: The Man and his Words, ed. by F. Bauer (1969); biographies by N. McNeil (1970), by his wife, L. Dirksen, with N. L. Browning (1972), and E. L. and F. H. Schapsmeier (1985). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

The Capm Assumptions Essay Online For Free - Free Essay Example

Given the paradox between the complexities of the real world, in order to construct good models, those complexities having little effect of the model should be assumed away. A theory is usually validated when it is based on empirical accuracy of its predictions rather than on the realism of its assumptions. The major assumptions of the CAPM are listed as follows: Investors aim at the maximization of utility from holding wealth. Investors selection criteria of investment opportunities are based on expected return and risk. All investors have a risk adverse attitude and behave rationally. Investors choose investment opportunities set based on expected return and risk. Expected returns follow a normal distribution. The lending and borrowing process is unlimited at a common interest rate. No transactions costs are entailed in the trading of securities. Taxes on dividends and capital gains are at similar rates. 3.2 The Capital Market Line In order to represent the set of portfolios that investors would choose in equilibrium through the stated assumptions above, an opportunity set of all risky portfolios is drawn where with the inclusion of a risk free rate asset, the combination of the risk free asset with any risky portfolios is made possible. Expected return Iii Ii Capital market line Rm Opportunity set M Rf ÃÆ' Ãƒâ€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢m Standard deviation Figure 1 In an equilibrium state, investors prefer a composition of the risk free asset and one risky portfolio that provides the maximum expected return for any given level of variance that is hold efficient portfolios. Such a condition is labeled M in the above diagram, where capital market line (the vertical line starting at the risk free rate of return) meets the opportunity set of risky assets. One of the unparalleled characteristic of the CML is that investors would not want to move beyond point M. That is, investors cannot improve upon the alternatives by this set of portfolios otherwise the market would not be in equilibrium and arbitrage would occur. 3.3 The Security Market Line Sharpe and Lintner developed a framework to describe the relationship between expected returns and the risk associated with securities with the following equation which is in its ex-ante form: E (ri) = rf + ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ² [E (rm) rf] (1) In simpler terms, the above equation (1) shows that the expected return on an asset which is equal to the risk free rate of return plus a risk premium. The risk premium is the price of risk (slope of the line) multiplied by the quantity of risk which is the systematic risk (ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²). Equation (1) propounds that in the equilibrium state, an asset with zero systematic risk (ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²=0) will have expected return just equal to that on the riskless asset rf , and expected return on all risky securities (ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ² 0) will be higher by the risk premium which is directly proportional to their risk as measured by ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ². Such a relation is graphed through the Security Market Line (SML) in the below diagr am (figure 2) with expected returns on the vertical axis and beta on the horizontal axis. The SML shows a positive linear relationship between beta and expected return and the intercept is equal to the risk free rate. Expected Return Security market line Rm M Rf Figure 2 Beta It important to note that efficient portfolios are usually plot on the CML and Figure 3 provides two diagrams which portrays the relationship between the CML and the SML. Point A represents an efficient portfolio A which lies on the CML and point B is an inefficient portfolio outside the CML. However, both portfolios have similar expected return and beta value. Note that the CML concentrates on portfolio standard deviation rather than beta. E(R) E(R) A A, B E (RA) =E (RB) B Rf Rf Figure 3 ÃÆ' Ãƒâ€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢A ÃÆ' Ãƒâ€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢B ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²A = ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²B An efficient portfolio is said to have lesser standard deviation of returns than the inefficient portfolio given equal expected returns. The excess standard deviation associated with the inefficient portfolio is called diversifiable risk or unsystematic risk. Investors are not compensated for this kind of risk because in a state of equilibrium, investors only hold efficien t portfolios. Hence it can be perceived that the CAPM is effective in the pricing of all assets whether they demonstrate efficiency or not but the CML only prices efficient portfolios. 3.4 The transition from the ex-ante to the ex-post model As incorporated in the overall study, equation (2)ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ is denoted as an ex-ante or a forward-looking model which uses entirely historical data for the testing purposes. However, a contradiction is formed upon this belief of historical data as there is no proof that the rates of return expected in the future will automatically be equal to realized rates of return over the past periods. Moreover, it should be acclaimed that historical beta may or may not mirror expected future risk. Hence the need to traverse from the ex-ante principles to the ex-post is felt in order to better test for CAPM. The ex-post model specifies some return generating process by assuming that the rate of return on an asset follows a fair game. The fair game signifies that, on average, across a large number of samples the expected return on an asset equals its actual return and is explained as follows: ri = E (ri) + ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²iÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´m + ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ µi (..) Where, ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´m = rm E (rm) E (ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´m) = 0 ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ µi = a random error term Cov (ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ µi , ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ´m ) = 0 Cov (ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ µi , ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ µi t-1 ) = 0 ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²i = systematic risk Note that since CAPM assumes that asset returns are jointly normal, ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²i in the fair game model behaves exactly as in the CAPM model and the market model must hold. Equation (..) assumes that if expected return is taken on both sides, the average realized return is equal to the expected return: E (ri) = E (ri) Substituting E (ri) from the CAPM into (,,) yields: ri = { rf + [ E (rm) ] ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²i + ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²i [ rm E (rm) ] + ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ µi ri = rf + (rm rf) ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²i + ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ µi Substracting the risk free rate from both sides: ri rf = (rm rf) ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ²i + ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ µi (..) Equation (..) represents the ex-post model of the CAPM. One important difference between the ex-ante theoretical model and the ex-post model is that the latter can present a negative slope while the former cannot because the theoretical CAPM must have a higher expected return on the market than the risk free rate of return.

Gender, Gender And Gender Roles - 1225 Words

Men collectively choose to receive psychological help less than their women counterparts. The sex distinction in help-seeking behavior occurs even when both women and men are equally afflicted. If male help-seeking behavior is to be increased, the reason for its neglect must be considered. Increasing our awareness of factors that may deter men from exploring psychological guidance may help in accessing reluctant men, allowing them to see past their preconceived ideology of masculinity. First it is important to recognize the pressures male face. In most cultures, men have very few options related to gender conduct. Male gender roles are instilled early on in childhood. As men meet these unwritten expectations they acquire acceptance from other men, attain potential mates, increase self-esteem and increase social status. This in part is called the socialization process. These benefits reinforce men to continue with this as their standard. What are these unwritten rules that are nurtured and taught so crucially by family and friends? Traditional gender roles are what determine a man to be capable and successful. They can loosely be categorized into three areas that exemplify the perfect model of masculinity: Strength, involves emotional toughness, courage, self-reliance and rationality. Action, encompasses competitiveness, ambition, and risk taking. The last area can be summed up as being honorable, withShow MoreRelatedGender, Gender And Gender Roles1437 Words   |   6 Pages Gender roles play an important role in society whether it is for good or for bad. These roles have been placed in society since the beginning of time. The term gender is socially created and it therefore categorizes men from women. How is gender defined, and what makes it different from the term sex? â€Å"†¦sex refers to the biological characteristics that distinguish women and men: sex chromosomes, reproductive organs, sex-specific hormones, and physical characteristics†¦Gender†¦ refers to the socialRead MoreGender Roles : Gender And Gender1587 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween gender and sex. Sex is anatomical and biological. Gender role can be defined as a person’s inner sense of how a male or female should feel and behave. Culture and society are two important factors in relation to this particular topic. This implies that various societies and cultures may produce children and later fully grown men and women who may have diverse perspectives of a man or a woman’s place or role in the world around them; this is often determined by their culture’s gender stereotypesRead MoreGender, Gender And Gender Roles844 Words   |  4 PagesSociety has institutionalized gender roles since the beginning of time, a common one is that women are the nurturers and housekeepers, while men are the breadwinners of household. In spite of centuries, and fighting for women s rights, such as the right to vote in the late 1920s. Women still have roles to fulfill, even in a modern society that is dominated by a virtual world. Gender identification has multiplied from that of men and women, to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer (LGBTQ)Read MoreGender, Gender And Gender Roles1110 Words   |  5 Pagesbelieve gender is only based on being male or female. People believe gender is based on the physical and biological differences between women and men. Over the last few years, the term gender has changed. When some people believe gender is being male or female. Most people associate gender with gender roles and how people are supposed to function or perform based on society’s expectations. In other words, people believe males and females have to behave according to their gender or gender roles to beRead MoreGender, Gender And Gender Roles863 Words   |  4 PagesGender can sometimes be seen as biological characteristics humans have, when in fact it is the social characteristic ones society deems either masculine or feminine. Sex, on the other hand, is the biological differences in humans, for example, hormones and sex organs. People usually play gender roles in society, otherwise known as gender ideology. Gender ideology is when men and women have certain attitudes regarding their ‘fixed’ roles, responsibilities and rights. Throughout history men and womenRead MoreGender, Gender And Gender Roles Essay1823 Words   |  8 Pagesclearly determined line from both involving parties reveals t o us the ancient war of genders. A society which has overcome many social indifferences yet gender roles is a highly controversial and complicated topic. It seems this generation is caught in the crossfire of the final frontier of this ancient war. An increase in fundamental changes in gender roles is resulting in manipulating society and altering gender boundaries; females are breaking out of traditional restraints. As with all changesRead MoreGender, Gender And Gender Roles2086 Words   |  9 PagesGender refers to being male or female. It is usually used to determine the cultural and social difference between men and women. Gender roles are expectations of how males and females should behave, what attitudes they should have, what activities they should do and etc. according to their culture (Witt, 2016). Years ago, males and females had specific roles that separated them from each other. Males were known to go hunting to provide food for the family, and females were to stay at home andRead MoreGender, Gender And Gender Roles1829 Words   |  8 PagesGender socialization often begins early once parents are shown the sex of their child; from then on, baby showers are planned according to gender â€Å"appropriate† colors, which are often pink for girls and blue for boys. Even differences in how children are spoke to can be picked up easily in Western cultures. Girls are called pretty and sweet, whereas boys are handsome and strong. Ultimately, the way children learn to identify with their gender culture is in part due to not only family and friendsRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Role844 Words   |  4 PagesGender Roles can be defined as roles society expects people to play on account of their sex life. Like all roles, gender roles are made up of sets of expectations, so they can be thought of as sets of expirations, so they can be thought of as sets of expectation that are attached to sex.(pp: 220 John E. Farley Michael W. Flota). The key word gender role affects me personally because as recent graduate of high school it’s time for me to go into the real world, of working class gender role of theRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Role Essay784 Words   |  4 Pagessession, I will discuss the gender roles in my family. The definition of gender role is the degree to which a person adopts the gender-specific behaviors ascribed by his or her culture (Matsumoto, D. R., Juang 2013, 156). For example, traditional gender roles recommend that males are aggressive, angry, and unemotional. It goes further and explains that the male should leave the home every day to make a living and be the main wage earner. The traditional gender role for the female purpose is to

Essay about The Predestined Fate Of Oedipus the King

Predestined Fate of Oedipus nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In ancient Greek society they believed that ones life is predestined and that ones fate is sealed. What is meant to occur will happen no matter what that person does. In quot;Oedipus Rexquot; Oedipus fate is doomed from his birth because of the actions of his ancestors. Unlike Oedipus most people today dont believe in predestined fate. People can be all they want to be regardless of their background or the circumstances of their lives. However some people dont realize that they are in charge of their own live and can make conscience decisions to change the course of their lives. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of Oedipus ancestors committed a terrible act of rape some†¦show more content†¦There are more opportunities than ever for us to promote our standard of living and increase our place in society. Its true that there is a lot of prejudice and discrimination in todays society that many people still have to struggle to overcome. We very often judge other people by what race or ethnic background they belong to or simply on their general appearance, gender or age. Society also holds a lot of things against you. If you ever had a criminal record it will make it very difficult for you to get a high rank job. If you ever used drugs or were an alcoholic people sometimes assume that you are still quot;messed upquot; even if you have been clean for some time. But despite all this it is still very much up to us what we do with our lives. If we choose to go to college and get a good education there are many ways that we can go about receiving financial assista nce if we need it. Despite all the discouragement we may get from todays society there is also a lot of encouragement and assistance available to us if we are willing to work for it. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Our fate is not sealed. There are no barriers on our life or on what we are capable of doing. I personally believe in the statement that all things are possible if you put your mind to it. When you are really determined to achieve a goal that you have set for yourself it is possible to overcome any obstacle. Some times people try to predict their fate or other peoples fate. But veryShow MoreRelatedOedipus Rex And The Mountains Echoed1575 Words   |  7 Pagesare controlled by our own choices or fate, is an ongoing question that we could never have the answer to because we can never fully prove one side. I believe that both personal choice and fate have a great effect in our lives. Both Oedipus Rex and the novel and the mountains echoed show how both personal choice and fate have a great influence in our rises up and our falling downs in life. In the Elizabethan era it was believed that our lives were predestined. People’s lives were destined to endRead MoreOedipus The King, Antigone, And Minority Report1364 Words   |  6 Pages Throughout the stories of Oedipus the King, Antigone, and Minority Report, there is a common theme of greatness beyond the scope of the individual story. Oedipus was the dedicated king of Thebes, whose predestined fate detailed failed attempts to outrun his destiny. His sacrifices were for the good of his city. Creon and Antigone battle throughout their story, yet ultimately showed that death and sorrow are fates that are bigger than the both of them. Finally, John Anderton fought to prove his ownRead MoreOedipus the King by Sophocles1393 Words   |  6 Pages Sophocles’ play, Oedipus the King, has risen many questions concerning the main character and whether or not he acts on free will or if his future is predestined by the gods. I am going to test the theory that although Oedipus believes he is acting on his own free will, he is in fact a victim of the gods. I will analyze several different sources that discuss fate and human agency in Oedipus the King and then proceed to build my original argument on the archaic debate. There has been a great dealRead MoreSophocles Oedipus Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesSophocles Oedipus You can Run, but you can’t Hide Sixteenth century play writers often focused on the tragic irony of fate. One such play-writer is Sophacles. In one of his later plays, â€Å"Oedipus†, he writes the tragic story of a man who can’t avoid his pre-destined fate, and that some things just can’t be changed by the people in your life no matter how hard they try. Oedipus, the main character of this tragedy, he is a protagonist ruled by conflict and fate. This is evident in the charactersRead MoreThe Saga Of Oedipus By Sophocles1082 Words   |  5 PagesThe saga of Oedipus begins long before the setting of the play takes place. It begins with a prophet, who tells Jocasta and Laius—the king and queen of Thebes at the time—that their son is destined to slay his father and bear children with his mother. To keep this sinful event from happening, they sent the baby away to be abandoned and killed. However, the messenger took pity on the baby and gave it to a shepherd of King Polybus, and the b oy was adopted into royalty. When the boy came of age he wasRead MoreA Greek Play Created By Sophocles1608 Words   |  7 Pagesplay created by Sophocles around 335 BC, Oedipus the King tells a story about one man’s irony to find the previous’ king’s murderer to seek justice. Oedipus stops at nothing to find the killer. As he questions the citizens, he only finds himself to be the killer. In this essay we explore how one major event can create multiple forms of conflict. The conflicts of Human vs. supernatural, the predestined fate of Oedipus and the gods. Human vs. human, when Oedipus heeds no warnings and stops at nothingRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Oedipus Oedipus Rex 928 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween Oedipus’ irrevocable circumstances as well as his flawed character that makes Sophocles’ â€Å"Oedipus Rex† a quintessential example of Greek drama. His circumstances, which are set by the Gods, are profound and beyond anyone’s control; either he must be killed or there will be great consequences. His parent’s rejection of the oracle set by the gods, the degrees of separation from his origin, and his flawed sense of pride is the complexity of the plot as well as what makes Oedipus the complexRead MoreOedipus Downfall Essay example774 Words   |  4 PagesPrompt: In a well-developed essay, consider whether hubris, fate or both are the use of Oedipus’ downfall. Use evidence from the text to support your support. Hubris is defined as excessive pride or self-confidence, while fate is defined as the supposed force, principle, or power that predetermines events. Ancient Greeks believed in Hubris, or pride. Pride may have been seen as good or bad. Many people that exhibit pride may come off as being proud of their achievements or lives; however, prideRead MoreOedipus The King As A Tragic Hero Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesConsidered one of the greatest dramas of all time, Sophocles’ play Oedipus the King follows the tragic life of Oedipus, king of Thebes. Considered a Satyr play, the Oedipus trilogy is perhaps the most famous of Sophocles’ plays. Oedipus the King, is an Athenian tragedy that was first performed somewhere around 429 BC in Athens, Greece. Originally, the Greeks referred to the play as simply â€Å"Oedipus,† as that was what Aristotle referred to it as in the Poetics. Perhaps what makes this play so memorableRead MoreThe Ethics Of The National Women s Hall Of Fame1453 Words   |  6 PagesFate is debatable. Some say that we are all pawns in a higher being’s chess game. Others believe that we execute free will in every aspect of our lives. Most people, however, believe a combination of the two. It is an age old question, and like all intangible questions we try again and again to formulate an answer through books, movies, conversations, analysis of history and prediction of the future. We look at snapshots of the past or theoretical worlds and try to discern our own answers.

Taking a ook at Teen Pregnancy - 744 Words

The social problem I have chosen to write about is teen pregnancy. My family has experienced teen pregnancy with my cousins as well as myself. With all my cousins who became teenage mothers they all failed to either graduate from high school or once they did graduate or earn their GED’s they failed to go to college. Every single one them was also on welfare. In my particular situation I was not on welfare and did complete high school on time, although I did attend college for only one semester, I did not complete obtaining a degree. I am currently trying to complete my degree however it has taken me to the age of 33 to successfully go back. Having a child at the age of 16 was extremely tough for me. I had attended private school up until the end of my sophomore year as that is when I became pregnant. I had hoped to attend college out of state and had a steady grade point average of about 3.5. I lost contact with all my friends as I was either working or staying home with my son. I had to work two jobs in order to avoid being on welfare and yet still continue to go to high school as I was determined to finish. I can proudly say that my son is now graduating from high school and he has grown up to be a very respectful young man. I had seen my cousins’ struggle with their teen pregnancies as well but no one had actually ever sat me down to talk to me about it. Although teen pregnancy has since been on the decline about 3 in 10 teen girls will still get pregnant in the United

Slavery Is An Important Chapter Of American History

Slavery is an important chapter in American history, and its influence can be seen in the roots of our government and laws. Slavery is a prejudice based on race. It is also economic exploitation; the act of forcing other individuals to work for no pay. While slavery was ultimately abolished, restitution in the form of freedom was not compensation enough for the wrongs, nor could it remove the very ideal of slavery from our nation’s foundation. The effects of slavery continue to influence the political landscape in the United States. Today, although slavery speckles many facets of life, American citizens are once again enslaved to the government through taxation. Slavery is the result of racial prejudice. We see evidence of this dating back as far as the 1670’s when we see the English in the colonies â€Å"connoting evil and inferiority to black people† (Moretta, 2013, p 47). Here, we see that slavery is easy to digest for the English because they viewed it in this light. The evidence of the support of racial prejudice is laced throughout our history; we see racial tendencies from leaders like Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln, and landmark Supreme Court case decisions like the Dred Scott case where African Americans are denied citizenry. While we have the Declaration of Independence in 1776 declaring â€Å"all men are created equal,† America doesn’t begin to see that equality formally acknowledged until 1865 with the Thirteenth Amendment. Stefan Molyneux points outShow MoreRelatedSummary : Forever Free Essay1367 Words   |  6 PagesErik Low Franco U.S. History H. 12 September 2016   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Forever Free   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Chapter one The Peculiar Institution   Ã‚  Ã‚   A main idea in the first chapter is about the history of slavery and freedom in the U.S. Firstly slavery had existed during the American Revolution. Despite the fact that the founding fathers wanted freedom as a right to all men, then African Americans should also rightfully be allowed freedom. Foner quotes Lemuel Haynes, â€Å" If liberty were truly ‘an innate principle† forRead MoreThe American Revolution And American War Of Independence1379 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Revolution or the American War of Independence was one of the most remarkable wars in the history of the world. The motives behind the war can be interestingly explained by Zinn from the chapter Tyranny Is Tyranny in A People’s History of The United States: 1â€Å"Around 1776, certain important people in the English colonies made a discovery that would prove enormously useful for the next two hundred years. 2They found that by creating a nation, a symbol, a legal unity called the United StatesRead MoreThe American Abolitionists Book Review Essay1214 Words   |  5 Pages Written by Harrold Stanley, American Abolitionists is a book that scrutinizes the movement of abolishing slavery in the United States. It examines the movement from its origin in the 18century in the course of the Civil War and the elimination of slavery in 1856. American Abolitionists book focuses on the American Abolitionists who struggled to end slavery and advocated for equal rights for all African Americans in the United States. Harrold mainly focuses his book on the abolitionist movementRead MoreJames Oliver Horton And Lois E. Horton Essay1493 Words   |  6 PagesIn Hope of Liberty embodies a very thorough and complex narrative of Northern free blacks. James Oliver Horton and Lois E. Horton deliver to readers a detailed synthesis of several decades of information that pertains to early American history. The text ventures through social, political, and cultural movements that were occurring before the Civil War era. The Hortons not only demonstrate the importance of blackâ⠂¬â„¢s presence throughout the text but some of the contribution and the roles that led toRead MoreThe Way We Lived: Essays and Documents in American Social History, by Frederick Binder and David Reimers779 Words   |  4 Pages I have chosen to write about chapter three due to my fascination about the slavery period in our country; the reasons it happened, why it happened, and some of the missing history behind the period. As for the missing history, I have always been captivated be the underlying history that made slavery possible in America. Chapter three delves into the subject that has intrigued me ever since high school, especially how the slave trade came to be, how it was started, and those who actually began andRead MoreArnt I a Woman? Essay examples1659 Words   |  7 Pagesdetails the grueling experiences of the African American female slaves on Southern plantations. White resented the fact that African American women were nearly invisible throughout historical text, b ecause many historians failed to see them as important contributors to America’s social, economic, or political development (3). Despite limited historical sources, she was determined to establish the African American woman as an intricate part of American history, and thus, White first published her novelRead MoreCompare and contrast Thomas Jeffersons first Inaugural address and Hope and heritage: Myth and Thomas Jefferson1026 Words   |  5 Pages History 1301-Section 336 Nathan Giesenschlag 23 September 2013 Essay: Topic: Compare and Contrast â€Å"Thomas Jefferson’s first inaugural address† (Chapter 15 in Readings in United States History) and â€Å"Hope and Heritage: Myth and Thomas Jefferson†, (Chapter 14 in ReadingsRead More Deborah Gray White’s Ar’n’t I a Woman? Essay examples1629 Words   |  7 Pagesdetails the grueling experiences of the African American female slaves on Southern plantations. White resented the fact that African American women were nearly invisible throughout historical text, because many historians failed to see them as important contributors to America’s social, economic, or political development (3). Despite limited historical sources, she was determined to establish the African American woman as an intricate part of American history, and thus, White first published her novelRead MoreIn James Loewen’S Book, Lies My Teacher Told Me, He Talks1011 Words   |  5 Pagestextbooks. Are these actually misconception s though? What is the author saying about American history when details or whole event are untold? Lowen delves into these deep topics head on and gives examples as he goes. This book is not only intended for those who have read an American history book, but for those who have never heard the truth. Lowen wrote this book in order to uncover and educate; furthermore, this is important because events never told are now brought to light. Using detailed informationRead More1831: Year of Eclipse1248 Words   |  5 Pagesyears stick out to Americans about how our nation got to where we are today. When hearing the year 1776 you automatically think of the Declaration of Independence and how we became no longer apart of the British Empire. When you hear the year 1861, you get reminded about Abraham Lincoln becoming the sixteenth president of the United States and the start of the Civil War. There are so many more important years that stick out in American history. Those types of events are what Americans remember and live

Summary of “An Historical Preface to Engineering Ethics” Free Essays

Summary of â€Å"An Historical Preface to Engineering Ethics† Michael Davis, in his article â€Å"An Historical Preface to Engineering Ethics† clarifies some misconceptions about engineering and distinguishes the differences between science and engineering by showing progressions through history. He makes a point to disprove engineer turned historian, Eugene Ferguson on his criticism that engineers have no consideration for human welfare by proving that not only do engineers have a deep consideration for human welfare, but that all of Ferguson’s criticisms of engineering are actually compliments given engineers’ military origin. Davis first depicts the progression of the definition of technology from ancient Greece to modern times, showing how the reverence of technology and thus engineering has grown over time. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of â€Å"An Historical Preface to Engineering Ethics† or any similar topic only for you Order Now The modern day definition being the study of how to make manual labor easier, and the ancient Greece definition being the study of manual labor, and since mental labor is more respected than manual labor, engineering has become better respected over time. He disqualifies the misconception that science preceded technology and is therefore older and better than engineering by showing how some inventions predated the science that explains them. He even argues that engineering is better than science because it applies scientific knowledge to make things useful. Davis clarifies that engineering is not the same as technology. Technology being the creation of tools, and engineering being the planning and instruction for others to implement that creation. He shows the history of engineering and how it started in the military, branching out from France to other countries, progressively sophisticating over time. Beginning with engineers in the infantry, creating weapons such as catapults and artillery, France eventually found need of a congregation of the engineers. They founded an organization called the corps du ge’nie, which proved very useful in increasing the flow of knowledge and skills and providing records for later use. In just a few short years, they were acclaimed all over France for their advances in military construction. Davis shows that the basis of all modern day engineering originated from the corps and officially started in the 1700’s when they finally came to understand what they could do as engineers and what they wanted to do. After this, he proceeds to show how he Ecole Polytechnique school, which practically perfected engineering curriculum, was formed in France and how it’s curriculum was adopted by the US. The first engineering school in the US, the West Point military academy, was founded on this curriculum. Davis includes these facts about history, not only to differentiate between science and engineering and to clarify misconceptions about engineering, but also to disprove historian Eugene Ferguso n’s criticism of engineering. Ferguson criticizes engineering as unethical; he believes that engineers do not care about human welfare. Davis agrees with Ferguson’s points about engineers, but argues that they are not criticisms, but compliments and that engineers do in fact have a deep consideration for human welfare. Ferguson criticizes engineers for being efficient, creating labor-saving devices, putting control into systems, favoring the majority, and treating engineering as a means to an end rather than a means to satisfying human welfare. Davis argues that the first four are actually commendable qualities given engineers’ military origins, and that engineers do hold human welfare paramount and have since very early in their history. Since very early in engineering’s history human welfare has been held paramount. From almost the very beginning, even back in the 1700’s, human welfare was of great importance to engineers. The Ecole Polytechnique in France was noted for their regard for human welfare back in the 1700’s and England had the same attitude as France in regard to this as well. In 1828, Thomas Trigold, a member of The British Institution of Civil Engineers was asked to define civil engineering and he defined it as an art of directing Nature for the convenience of man. Davis states that these beliefs still hold true in today’s society, the only thing that differs is the engineers’ code of ethics, to stay consistent with ordinary morals as they differ. Davis argues that even before engineers created a code of ethics involving human welfare that they were not unethical, because they were not expected to hold it paramount, and that they were not unmoral, because not holding the public welfare as paramount is not unmoral in any ordinary sense of morality. Davis ultimately concludes that engineers’ do have high consideration for human welfare. Through historical references, definition contrasts, and counterargument, Davis provides a solid argument that engineering at its core is based upon the advancement of man, and thus human welfare. Word Count: 767 Citation: Davis, Michael. â€Å"An Historical Preface to Engineering Ethics. † Science and Engineering Ethics 1995: 33-44. Print. How to cite Summary of â€Å"An Historical Preface to Engineering Ethics†, Essay examples

Black (636 words) Essay Example For Students

Black (636 words) Essay BlackCat By PoeEdgar Allan Poe wrote that the single effect was the most important aspect of ashort story, that everything must contribute to this effect. Poes gothic taleThe Black Cat was written trying to achieve an effect of shockinginsanity. In this first person narrative the narrator tells of his decline fromsanity to madness, all because of an obsession with two(or possibly one) blackcats. These ebony creatures finally drive him to take the life his wife, whosedeath he unsuccessfully tries to conceal. This short story easily achieved theeffect that Poe was looking for through the use of description of setting,symbolism, plot development, diverse word choice, and detailed characterdevelopment. In most cases, the setting is usually indelible to a story, butThe Black Cat relies little on this element. This tale could have occurredanywhere and can be placed in any era. This makes the setting the weakestelement of The Black Cat. Next, symbolism is always an integral part ofany Poe s tory. The most obvious of symbolic references in this story is thecats name, Pluto. Many know this to be the name of Mickey Mouses dog, butthis is also the Roman god of the underworld. Pluto contributes to a strongsense of hell and may even symbolize the devil himself. Another immenselysymbolic part of The Black Cat is the title itself, since onyx cats havelong connoted bad luck and misfortune. The most amazing thing about thesymbolism in this story or in any other of Poes is that there are probablymany symbols that only Poe himself ever knew were in his writings. Furthermore,Poes plot development added much of the effect of shocking insanity to TheBlack Cat. To dream up such an intricate plot of perverseness, alcoholism,murders, fire, revival, and punishment is quite amazing. This story has almostany plot element you can imagine a horror story containing. Who could haveguessed, at the beginning of the story, that narrator had killed his wife? Thecourse of events in The Black Cats p lot is shockingly insane by itself!Moreover, the words in The Black Cat were precisely chosen to contributeto Poes effect of shocking insanity. As the narrator pens these he creates asplendidly morbid picture of the plot. Perfectly selected, sometimes rare, andoften dark, his words create just the atmosphere that he desired in the story. Expressions such as apparition, vile haunts, and fiendishmalevolence are put in all the right places. Another way that Poe used wordchoice was with synonyms. The cat was not only the black cat, it was theplaymate, the beast, the brute, the apparition, and themonster. Finally, character development was most important to Poeseffect of shocking insanity in The Black Cat. Without the perverselyinsane narrator this story cant exist, let alone put across an effect. It ismentioned many times that he loves animals and that he is an alcoholic. In factmany of his rages were caused more by alcohol rather than the black cat. Thecat(s) was also vividly developed. At one point early in The Black Cat,the narrator spends two paragraphs describing the his then delightful pet. Butas the story progresses both characters change dramatically. The cat is dynamicin that it is hung, reappears with a white splotch on its chest, and has adifferent disposition than before. The narrator spirals out of control i nto fitsof rage and numerous hideous, unthinkable actions, commencing with the wallingup of his own wife(and unbeknownst to him the black cat too) in the cellar. .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c , .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c .postImageUrl , .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c , .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c:hover , .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c:visited , .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c:active { border:0!important; } .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c:active , .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4ce8f7765528fdc720166b585d19866c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How Should We Treat the Homeless? EssayObviously, the setting, symbolism, plot, word choice, and character developmentcontributed greatly to the effect of shocking insanity in Edgar Allan Poesmasterpiece, The Black Cat. Without these, there would be no story at all. Poes skillful use of all of these elements, the least of these being settingand the greatest of these being character development, creates a shocking tale,which has never been equaled.

Porter Airlines free essay sample

Analysis of Issues On the 10th of April 2013 Porter Airlines announced that It plans to buy another 30 CSIOO Jets from Montr ©al based-Bombardler with plans to add a dozen new routes In addition to the 19 routes currently served by Porter (CBC, 2013). President and CEO Bob Deluce vlslons a service to destinations across North America, from Calgary and Vancouver, to Los Angeles. Miami and Orlando. Furthermore on September the 3rd 2013 Porter Airlines submitted an update to their runway expansion proposal to expand the main runway at Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport 200 meters in each irection (Porter, 2013). The $2. 29 billion aircraft deal coupled with runway expansion plans are central to Porters Airlines Bid to become the 3rd national airline of Canada. In terms of growth strategies it can be said that Porter Airlines has chosen to increase their offered destinations (or product line) in order to achieve growth. However since the first CSI 00 Jets are not due until the end of 201 6 and runway expansion plans that still have not passed the approval stage, it is clear that increasing Porters product line as a means of growth Is a long term strategy. We will write a custom essay sample on Porter Airlines or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As Porter Alrllnes has already applied a long-term growth strategy this case study will focus on possible short-term growth strategies that can further strengthen Porters position In the market. Possible courses of Action a) Increase short-term product line through partnerships b) Focus on Trans-border US Destinations c) Invest in a major marketing campaign Preferred Alternative The top option for Porter is to focus on trans-border US destinations. 1 . Sharply increase in market demand: In 2009 the average trans-border flights between Canada and the United States was around 445,000 flights. This number of flights has increased In 2011 and 2012 at a rate of 6. 5% and 5. 6% respectively (CAPA, 2012). This increase In flights rapidly outpaces the domestic market Increase, clearly establishing the trans-border market as a superior growth Industry. Porter should seize this opportunity of growth to shift less profitable domestic routes with trans-border routes. 2. Possible new destinations: Porter Airlines lists proposed routes American destinations from Toronto to Cincinnati, Cleveland, Detroit, Pittsburgh and Philadelphia (Marlow, 2012). All of these were great options for Porter. For instance, a route between Philadelphia and Toronto is well within range of the current Porter fleet and is considerably a more populous route than many Canadian destinations. Other desirable cities include Madison, Ann Arbor, Baltimore and Wilmington. 3. Main competitor comparison: According to The National Airlines Council of Canada, Canadas largest passenger Oair carriers In 2013 are Air Canada, Air Transat, Jazz Aviation LP Cland WestJet. Since Air Canada purchases substantially all of Jazzs seat capacity In 2002, the maln competitors of Porter Airlines are the rest three carriers. Alr Canada provides scheduled services to 186 destinations from Toronto Pearson International Airport worldwide, and 40 of them are in the united States (Air Canada Air Canada is continuously complained as the most expensive airlines in North America. For the same dates departing and returning between Toronto and Philadelphia, US Airways, United and American serve flights as cheap as $516 to $571 while Air Canada prices the tickets at $730. Air Transat only has three destinations in United States, Fort Lauderdale, Orlando and St. Petersburg, which are all located in the Florida. It offers more reasonable prices compared with Air Canada, such as $413 and $702 respectively of the round trips flights between Toronto and Orlando. However, Air Transat operates at most 2 flights to each city in the U. S per day and only 4. 4% of the dates have round-trip tickets sale provided, thus significantly restrict the possible options for passengers. As WestJet focuses on Canada domestic airline services, it expanded into the United States market only since 2004. Until now, it serves in 21 destinations in the U. S, from which over 72% are located in California, Florida and Hawaii. Except few cities in eastern America as Chicago, New York and Miami, most of its destinations in the U. S have to transfer at Calgary or Vancouver. Porter has 4 perennial and 2 seasonal destinations in the U. S at the end of 2012, and it always offers the best prices among competitors. The potential markets in the U. S are vast for Porter since many major cities have not been explored by the others. It would be the best time to invest in short distance, fair priced and direct flights between Toronto and Trans-border US Destinations. Contingency Plan Increasing short-term product line through partnerships will be the second best lternative for Porter. 1. Significant benefits: Airline partnerships provide commercial flexibility and connecting network traffic to Porter, while significantly reducing financial risks and expanding global aviation markets. Results from Karin Webers research indicate traveler benefits from airline partnership, including ease of transfers, one-stop check-in and lower prices for a given route (Tablel-l in attachments). Porter also benefits from cost reduction in terms of sharing sales offices, maintenance facilities as well as operational facilities like catering or omputer systems. The disadvantages include less flexibility of flight schedules for given routes, and higher prices when all competition is erased on a certain route (Star Alliance, 2012). 1 . Further development of current partnerships: In July 2013 Porter Airlines signed its third interline agreement with Icelandair gaining it access 20 destinations throughout Europe. Porter currently holds two more inter airline deals with Singapore Airlines and South African Airways thus gaining Porter limited market access to the African, South East Asian and European aviation markets. Porters arket access is limited as they are listed as hub carries which means that partner airlines offer Toronto as a destination through their main hubs in North America. The drawback of this type of partnership is that Porter cannot offer the destinations of its partner airlines on their booking service. Porter should focus on further developing their three partnerships so that Porter can include African, European and South East Asian destinations on their own online booking system. By increasing destinations through partnerships Porter will be able to offer multiple foreign destinations that require no lag time to set up. ) Find new partners in America: As Porter has made next logical step would be to ally with a Central or South American carrier. By linking Porter Airlines to the four main continents of the world will not only increase their potential customer base but also increase their public image standing. By offering international destinations (even through partnerships) Porters public image will be perceived as considerably more established and real threat to Air Canada. This strengthened public image would serve to increase investor confidence for a potential future IPO, which has been in the pipeline since 2011 (Deluce, 2011).

Commerce Clause Sample Essay Answer

Commerce Clause Sample Essay AnswerAlthough not the most sought after topic for Business Law students, the Commerce Clause has been and continues to be an extremely popular one. You will find that a lot of students applying for business degrees will take Commerce Clause as part of their entrance exams for their master's degree or any other form of law degrees.The Commerce Clause, is actually two clauses that have been added to the Constitution of the United States as amendments over the years, and it is still applied to the current state of the nation. The first clause, known as the Antitrust Clause, applies to any and all forms of transactions where there are potential markets where it could bring harm to any individual, as well as potentially of harmful impact to the general public.This term is really broad and can cover a wide range of specific transactions. The second clause, the Constitutional Guarantee Clause, guarantees the Constitution of the United States to be 'the supreme law of the land.' It also provides for a number of specific areas in which government may intervene, and therefore the Constitution is supposed to remain supreme. Without these two clauses, there would be no prohibitions against monopolies, unfair contracts, patent infringement, etc.The Antitrust Clause is quite self explanatory and gives the government the power to prevent and to stop any and all forms of economic monopolies and unfair contracts. Basically the government wants to prevent such activity from occurring, and the Commerce Clause gives the government the power to provide protection for the general public. What does this mean in terms of students? Well, for example, if there was some sort of network of television stations, and there were suspicions that there were channels that were being over aired, then the government could intervene by passing legislation to regulate the amount of time certain channels were allowed to broadcast, or to ban channels that were over being broadcast at the maximum time allowable.Obviously this would have a direct impact on whether or not any illegal activity was taking place. Also, if the media was too over saturated with the same channel, the government could also intervene to limit the number of times that channel was shown at a single time. Again, this would protect the general public. Of course, it would also prevent the television stations from broadcasting in excess of their license.The Constitutional Guarantee Clause is just as important, as it provides that the government cannot infringe upon the rights of citizens. Essentially, it prevents the government from infringing upon the fundamental rights of its citizens. For example, if the government came into the possession of certain documents, which the citizens believed was a misuse of their money, then the government would have to provide restitution for the expenses incurred by the citizens.This all makes a lot of sense, and if you think about it, even more c ommon sense. So if you want to apply for a degree in business law, or have already done so, consider this one of the Commerce Clause sample essay answers.

Up From Slavery essays

Up From Slavery essays Booker T. Washington, the author of Up From Slavery, is the subject of his novel as well. In Booker's autobiography, he tells the story of what life was like growing up as a colored person after the revolution. Where most slavery novels tell stories of hardships faced while in bondage, Booker tells the story from a different perspective - what life was like growing up as a free man. When Booker was but a boy of eleven years, he had allready been forced to work for most of his life. He knew nothing of the outside world, or what it felt like to experience every man's birthright: freedom. By day he worked in the fields; planting corn, carrying loads of hay to the barn, tilling the fields, and other tasks that no white man at the time would even consider doing himself. Young Washington considered it a special treat to recieve a small serving of Molassas every Friday, and to occasionally have some chicken or beef for supper, as his regular meals consisted of potatoes and gruel. One evening, the other slaves of the plantation overheard their masters discussing the matter of the Revolution. This had them very excited, as it meant they would be free if the North won the war. Soon enough, the North had won, and the negros were all set free. Their cries of joy soon dimmed as they realized they had no idea how to be free. They would have to work for themselves, provide food for themselves, educate themselves, all of which they had little or no understanding of. For the first few months, Booker and his small family, consisting of his mother and older brother, managed to survive by working in the cole mines day and night to provide what little money they could manage for the family. It was dangerous work - one could get crushed by rocks, inhale various deadly gasses, or be blown apart by faulty explosives. One day, Washington heard two black men talking about a school made specifically for colored people known as the Ha ...

Introduction to Beaux Arts Architecture

Introduction to Beaux Arts Architecture Beaux Arts is an opulent subset of the Neoclassical and Greek Revival architectural styles. A dominant design during the Gilded Age, Beaux Arts was popular but short-lived in the United States from roughly 1885-1925. Also known as Beaux-Arts Classicism, Academic Classicism, or Classical Revival, Beaux Arts is a late and eclectic form of Neoclassicism. It combines classical architecture from ancient Greece and Rome with Renaissance ideas. Beaux-Arts architecture became part of the American Renaissance movement. Beaux Arts is characterized by order, symmetry, formal design, grandiosity, and elaborate ornamentation. Architectural characteristics include balustrades, balconies, columns, cornices, pilasters and triangular pediments. Stone exteriors are massive and grandiose in their symmetry; interiors are typically polished and lavishly decorated with sculptures, swags, medallions, flowers, and shields. Interiors will often have a grand stairway and opulent ballroom. Large arches rival the ancient Roman arches. In the United States, the Beaux-Arts style led to planned neighborhoods with large, showy houses, wide boulevards, and vast parks. Because of the size and grandiosity of the buildings, the Beaux-Arts style is most commonly used for public buildings like museums, railway stations, libraries, banks, courthouses, and government buildings. In the US, Beaux Arts was used in some of the public architecture in Washington, DC, most notably Union Station by architect Daniel H. Burnham and the Library of Congress (LOC) Thomas Jefferson building on Capitol Hill. The Architect of the Capitol describes the LOC as theatrical and heavily ornamented, which is perfectly suited to a young, wealthy and imperialistic nation in its Gilded Age. In Newport, Rhode Island, the Vanderbilt Marble House and Rosecliff Mansion stand out as grand Beaux-Arts cottages. In New York City, Grand Central Terminal, Carnegie Hall, the Waldorf, and the New York Public Library all express Beaux-Arts grandeur. In San Francisco, California, the Palace of Fine Arts and the Asian Art Museum made the California Gold Rush a reality. Besides Burnham, other architects associated with the style include Richard Morris Hunt (1827-1895), Henry Hobson Richardson (1838-1886), Charles Follen McKim (1847-1909), Raymond Hood (1881-1934), and George B. Post (1837-1913). The popularity of the Beaux-Arts style waned in the 1920s, and within 25 years the buildings were considered ostentatious. Today the phrase beaux arts is used by English-speaking people to attach a dignity and even a frivolity to the ordinary, such as the volunteer fundraising group named Beaux Arts in Miami, Florida. Its been used to suggest luxury and sophistication, as the Marriott hotel chain expresses with its Hotel Beaux Arts Miami. Its also part of a famous poem, Musà ©e des Beaux Arts, by W.H. Auden. French in Origin In French, the term beaux arts (pronounced BOZE-ar) means fine arts or beautiful arts. The Beaux-Arts style emanated from France, based on ideas taught at the legendary LÉcole des Beaux Arts (The School of Fine Arts), one of the oldest and most esteemed schools of architecture and design in Paris. The turn into the 20th century was a time of great growth throughout the world. It was a time after the American Civil War when the United States was truly becoming a country- and a world power. It was a time when architecture in the US was becoming a licensed profession requiring schooling. These French ideas of beauty were brought to America by American architects fortunate enough to have studied at the only internationally known school of architecture, L’Ecole des Beaux Arts. European aesthetics spread to wealthy areas of the world that had profited from industrialization. It is found mostly in urban areas, where it can make a more public statement of prosperity or an embarras sment of riches. In France, Beaux-Arts design was most popular during what became known as the Belle Époque, or the beautiful age. Perhaps the most important if not best-known example of this French opulence within a logical design is the Paris Opà ©ra house by the French architect Charles Garnier. Definitions of Beaux-Arts Architecture Historical and eclectic design on a monumental scale, as taught at the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris in the 19th cent.- Dictionary of Architecture and Construction, Cyril M. Harris, ed., McGraw- Hill, 1975, p. 48 The Beaux Arts is a classical style with the full range of Greco-Roman elements: the column, arch, vault and dome. It is the showy, almost operatic, manner in which these elements are composed that gives the style its characteristic flavor.- Louisiana Division of Historic Preservation To Hyphenate or Not Generally, if beaux arts is used alone, the words are not hyphenated. When used together as an adjective to describe a style or architecture, the words are often hyphenated. Some English dictionaries always hyphenate these non-English words. About Musà ©e des Beaux Arts The English poet W. H. Auden wrote a poem called Musà ©e des Beaux Arts in 1938. In it, Auden describes a scene from a painting by the artist Peter Breughel, a piece of art that Auden observed while visiting the Museum of Fine Arts in Brussels, Belgium. The poems theme of the commonplace of suffering and tragedy- how it takes place / While someone else is eating or opening a window or just walking dully along- is as relevant today as it ever was. Is it ironic or on purpose that the painting and the poem are paired with one of the most visibly ornate styles of architecture in an era of conspicuous consumption? Sources Richard Morris Hunt, Beaux-Arts Architectural Drawings The Architecture of the Ecole Des Beaux-Arts by Arthur Drexler, 1977 The Beaux Arts Style by Jonathan and Donna Fricker, Fricker Historic Preservation Services, LLC, February 2010, Louisiana Division of Historic Preservation (PDF) [accessed July 26, 2016]; Beaux Arts Architecture on Capitol Hill, Architect of the Capitol [accessed April 13, 2017]

Best Practice Approach in Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Best Practice Approach in Marketing - Essay Example Marketing is the social process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging products and value with others. Marketing is a process in which an organization identifies the need of a customer and brings to the market a product which satisfied that need, the customer buys the product for satisfaction of the need which results in profit for the organization. It is mutually beneficial process. Marketing is very dynamic function and its definition has been evolving through time. In 1985, The American Marketing Association defined marketing as â€Å"Marketing is the process of planning and executing conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of goods, ideas and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational goals.† In 2004 the definition was changed to â€Å"Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating and delivering value to customers and for managing custo mer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders.† And again as marketing grew into a broader term in 2007 the AMA defined marketing as â€Å"Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.† This definition defines marketing as a process that creates something of value for anybody who has a need of that value. Target market is a very key marketing element. An organizational cannot produce enough to satisfy all the needs of all the people. It has to target the customers whom it feels it can satisfy through its organizational processes in a mutually beneficial way.... ting is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large." This definition defines marketing as a process that creates something of value for anybody who has a need of that value. Elements of the Marketing Concept (200) Target market is a very key marketing element. An organizational cannot produce enough to satisfy all the needs of all the people. It has to target the customers whom it feels it can satisfy through its organizational processes in a mutually beneficial way. It has to evaluate itself and the market to find who it can cater too The second key element of the marketing concept is trying to satisfy the needs and wants of the customers of the selected target market. For this purpose 4 elements are identified and called the marketing mix. (Frederick Crane, 2003) These are controllable variables which are used to increase the level of satisfaction for the customer. These elements are: 1- Product- It is what the organization wants to sell to the customer considering the value and benefits it will produce for the customer. 2- Price- It is the price that the customer will have to pay to attain the product to satisfy his needs. 3- Place- It is where the product is going to be sold, in retail stores, in exclusive stores, what distribution channel will be used to make the product accessible. Place should always be selected as per the convenience of the customer. 4- Promotion- It is the type of promotional tools used to promote the product, like advertising, package design, sales techniques and personal relations tactics. Promotion should be able to communicate things that needed to be told to the customer, very well. Coordinated

HR Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

HR - Research Paper Example The company’s vision is to become one of the leading diversified oil companies in the world, characterized by a highly motivated workforce, as well as, safe operations. The company’s mission is to enhance profitability and safety in mining and supplying of hydrocarbon fuels and feedstock. The company as well focuses on contributing to development of the nation. One of the company’s key goals is fulfilling the country aspired standards for quality assurance, as well as, environmental protection. Because of global warming, there are set standards both locally and internationally, for environmental conservation. Because of the level of environmental degradation associated with mining companies, the company faces extremely high standards. Additionally, because of sensitivity of oil products, the products’ set standards are as well high. The company as well is committed to implementing a couple of national policies meant to increase employment opportunities for the citizens. One of the key external factors that affect the company is the political factor. Over the last a couple of decades, there have been a series of political unrest in a couple of Middle East countries. This has been a threat to the stability of the company’s profitability. One of the key reasons behind this is the fact that the company serves a couple of countries in the Middle East. Another key factor is the economic factor. The global economic cycles affect the company’s profitability as well. For example, during the 2008 global financial crisis, the company registered a decline in profitability. On the other hand, when the global economy is doing well, the company registers increased profitability. Technological factor as well affect the company. For example, the company has taken advantage of the ever-changing technology to automate most of its oil production operations. This has enhanced efficiency in

Isolation and Society in Bartleby, the Scrivener Essay -- Bartleby Scr

Isolation and Society in Bartleby, the Scrivener      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Herman Melville's Bartleby is a tale of isolation and alienation. In his story, society is primarily to blame for the creation and demise of Bartleby.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout the story, the characters -- Bartleby in particular -- are isolated from each other or from society. The forester's office, which can be interpreted as a microcosm of society, was teeming with walls to separate the head ranger from his employees and to separate the employees from one another. There was one large crushed-glass wall which separated the lawyer from his sycophants (although he was still able to see their shadows due to the nature of crushed glass). The other workers put up a folding green screen to hide Bartleby because of his hideous appearance, who was also alienated from the rest of the workers. The Ranger and his employees were also isolated from the outside world; their window faced a wall of trees ten feet away, with a sewer-like chasm ...

Shareholder Activism Essay

Can shareholder activism actually deliver the desired change? Introduction The increasing awareness of shareholders and their level of importance to the modern organisation have raised multiple questions as to the potential role which shareholders can play in influencing the decision making of the management team and their willingness to engage with a broad range of stakeholders. Where shareholders have an impact to any degree, this is referred to as shareholder activism and is largely described as being the role that shareholders play in dominating the decisions made by management teams (Bainbridge, 1995). Whilst it is readily accepted that shareholders own the company, whereas directors manage the company, there has historically been a misapprehension that shareholders are simply interested in the financial profits that the company produces. It is argued in this paper that this is not the case and shareholders are becoming much more involved in ensuring a balanced approach and that organisations have a wider awareness of issues such as corporate social re sponsibility (Schacht, 1995). The purpose of this paper is to consider whether or not this type of shareholder activism can actually be seen to be delivering a positive change, specifically in the area of corporate social responsibility. In order to look at this issue and the development of CSR, shareholder activism in its entirety needs to be looked at, before then considering the legal regime which encourages such activism and any specific cases that are relevant, before drawing conclusions on the key question. Shareholder activism – the Theoretical Perspective The management of an organisation has, for a long time, accepted that the performance of a business is down to them and that, if the shareholders are unhappy about the performance or the returns of the business they may potentially walk away from the organisation or the position of the manager may be in jeopardy. Where shareholders take this type of action on board, it can be suggested that shareholder activism is in operation. Broadly speaking, there are several key reasons why which investors may pursue the shareholder activist approach. Firstly, shareholder activism occurs in order to procure a better return on shareholder investment; secondly, to ensure that the company pursues a different corporate strategy that will ultimately improve performance and profitability, a key example of this being the suggestion that the company should demerge; thirdly, to make changes in the management team; fourthly in order to pursue some form of special interest, such as a social and ethical agenda (it is this agenda which will be looked at in more detail in the paper below). Finally, shareholder activism is undertaken to influence the outcome of some form of corporate agenda that has already been pursued (Tarrow, 1994). Shareholders have always had the option of essentially voting with their feet, when they disapprove of the decisions of the management team. For example, they can simply sell their shares, where traditionally the criticisms of management decisions would take place in private, with shareholders simply moving away when they were displeased. Although the concept of shareholder activism is not necessarily new, in recent years, it has certainly increased in its operation and become much more prevalent. Examples of recent shareholder activism include action by an institutional investor, Knight Vinke Asset Management which lobbied for changes in the HSBC strategy, or in Tesco where shareholders became involved in demanding changes in working conditions relating to clothes’ suppliers in Asia. Interestingly, shareholder activism does not depend on the size of the market, with shareholder activism being a tool that can be used in any type of organisation. Those holding shares are also potentially able to act in this way and therefore this lends a considerably more diverse meaning to the notion of shareholder activism, which can be derived from a much broader range of sources (Roe, 2003). With this potential diversity in mind, the next step is to look at the tools that are available for the activist shareholder and to identify the statutory basis upon which such action can take place. Legal Basis One of the key statutory powers which are available in order to support shareholder activism is that of the Companies Act 2006 (the Act). This Act lays down the legal framework which enables a shareholder to exercise any of their legal rights when they are pursuing an activist agenda. The precise options available to the shareholder will depend on the type of company in which they hold shares; for example, there are different rights attached to public companies. For the purpose of this analysis, all potential legal rights will be looked at and it should be borne in mind that these may not always be available, particularly to shareholders of private companies (Warneryd, 2005). In accordance with sections 303 to 305 of the Act, shareholders are able to call a general meeting. This is a strong element of the shareholder activism as it provides members with a platform in which they can make their requirements known. In the aftermath of the Shareholder Rights Directive 2009, members and groups of shareholders representing a minimum of 5% of the public companies voting rights are able to demand that the directors call a general meeting of the company. Similarly, where the directors choose to convene a general meeting there are rules associated with giving notice to the individual shareholders. This allows shareholders the opportunity to bring a platform upon which to discuss their own issues. Secondly, in accordance with sections 314 – 317, members with a shareholding of at least 5% or shareholders or that have at least 100 shares with an average of at least ?100 per member are entitled to demand that the company circulates a statement to shareholders of up to 1,000 words regarding a proposed resolution or any other business that is going to take place at the meeting. This again provides the shareholders with the information that they need in order to be potentially active. It is also noted that beneficial owners of shares can count towards the threshold in order to meet the 5% trigger (Belloc and Pagano, 2009). As well as the ability to gain access to the meeting and information in relation to the meeting, shareholders are also entitled to be active within the meeting itself. In accordance with section 338, shareholders holding a total of 5% shares can propose a resolution, a strategy that was used by the investor â€Å"efficient capital structures† but they required a resolution as part of the 2007 AGM of Vodafone plc to pursue a specific strategy. Furthermore, section 168 provides shareholders with the ability to propose the removal of the directors. Arguably, this is one of the greater sanctions available to shareholders, from the perspective of the individual directors. Where this process is being initiated, special notice of 28 days must be given of the intention to propose this resolution and to reasonably work in line with the articles of association of the company (Filatotchev, et al 2006). Importantly, section 116 of the Act allows any shareholders to gain access to the shareholder register which then may offer them the opportunity for the shareholders to join forces in order to deal with a particular agenda, making the ability to reach the 5% thresholds somewhat easier. There are, however, requirements for shareholders to ensure that when they are canvassing support they are doing so for the proper purpose. There are certain thresholds which allow shareholders to have rights, with 5% offering the opportunity to propose a resolution, to require an independent report in the case of quoted companies, the power to require companies to publish audit concerns, again in quoted companies, and also the power to include a matter that should be considered at AGM. When the required percent of the shareholders join forces, the power becomes much more threatening to the management team, as this is the requisite amount required a specific resolution. For example, at 75%, the shareholders can require a special resolution to be passed. The regime associated with proxies can play a very important role when it comes to shareholder activism with the 2006 Act making changes as to the way in which proxies can operate, allowing the property to be much more effective. For example, members have an absolute right to appoint a proxy who can attend a meeting and vote on their behalf. Another key area of shareholder activism emerged from the ability to use corporate representation, rather than using a proxy, as this allows shareholders a much greater degree of practical flexibility when they are unable to comply with proxy deadlines, or some other form of formality. Corporate shareholders are also able to appoint representatives by virtue of their own board resolution. Finally, it is worth noting that shareholders’ rights can be utilised by indirect investors. For example, under the 2006 Act, it is possible for the beneficial shareholders holding shares to enjoy information rights, i.e. to obtain information in relation to the company and in many cases the beneficial shareholders can count towards reaching the 5% thresholds. Although this goes beyond the scope of the discussion here, it is worth noting that these beneficial shareholders can have a direct impact on any agenda for shareholder activism.Examples of Shareholder ActivismIn order to gain an understanding of just how effective these legal provisions can be, the situation in Tesco can be looked at. In 2007, the poverty charity â€Å"War on Want† used the fact that it held a 5% shareholding in order to present a resolution at the 2007 AGM, with a view to ensuring a better deal for suppliers, in particular across Asia. The matter did not rest there and in June 2008 Tesco was tar geted once again by a group of shareholders who were headed by an individual high- profile shareholder, to look at the living conditions of chickens, prior to their purchase by Tesco for sale. The shareholders in both these cases used section 338 of the Companies Act 2006, in order to demand resolutions relating to their individual issues. Once this resolution had been demanded, the company was required to circulate information relating to the resolution, as well as any supporting statements (Aguilera, 2005). This type of shareholder activism was seen to be successful in these individual cases and provided a real forum for the shareholders with a relatively minimal percentage to change the strategy and activities of the organisation itself. Tesco is not alone in facing these types of issues and many other large companies have also faced action from minimal shareholders, relating to specific issues such as wages for staff or supplier issues. This shows a clear indication of the willingness of shareholders to become much more active in putting their points forward and being willing to take on corporations by forcing resolutions to be placed and information to be provided to the broader shareholding (Hendry et al 2007).Analysis and ConclusionsThe question presented here is to consider whether or not shareholder activism can truly have an impact on organisations, when it comes to encouraging changes and improving corporate social responsibility within the organisation. By looking at the history of shareholder activism and the way in which shareholders are becoming much more willing to engage in the operation of the company, as well as examining the provisions of the 2006 Act which provide shareholders with the ability to un dertake these activities, it is argued here that shareholder activism is a growing and real threat to management teams of all sizes. In particular, the 2006 Act offers a considerable opportunity for shareholders to demand information and to have certain items discussed at the AGM. By merely providing this platform for discussion, shareholders can become more active in order to ensure their ultimate agenda is not pursued. By looking at this and using a company such as Tesco as an example, it can be seen that groups of shareholders are gaining real attention and are able to have a direct and dramatic impact on the decisions made by the management teams, particularly when faced with the ultimate sanction that shareholders can request the removal of those directors who fails to comply (Gillan and Starks, 2000). It is concluded here, therefore, that shareholder activism is a real and direct method whereby shareholder groups can encourage changes in the strategy of the organisation relating to both corporate, social responsibility and any other relevant issues. References Aguilera, R.V. (2005) ‘Corporate governance and director accountability: An institutional comparative perspective’ British Journal of Management, 16: S39–S53. Bainbridge, S. M. (1995) The politics of corporate governance, Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy, Vol. 18 (3), pp. 671-735. Belloc, M. and Pagano, U. (2009) Co-evolution of politics and corporate governance, International Review of Law and Economics, Vol. 29 (2), pp. 106-114. Filatotchev, I., Jackson, G., Gospel, H., and Allcock, D. (2006) Key Drivers of ‘Good’ Corporate Governance and the Appropriateness of UK Policy Responses The Department of Trade and Industry and King’s College London. Gillan, S.L. and Starks, L.T (2000) ‘Corporate governance proposals and shareholder activism: The role of institutional investors’ Journal of Financial Economics, 57 (2): 275- 305. Hendry, J., Sanderson, P., Barker, R. and Roberts, J. (2007) ‘Responsible ownership, shareholder value and the new shareholder activism’ Competition & Change,11 (3): 223-240. Roe, M.J. (2003) Political Determinants of Corporate Governance: Political Context, Corporate Impact Oxford University Press. Schacht, K.N. (1995) ‘Institutional investors and shareholder activism: Dealing with demanding shareholders’ Directorship, 21 (5): 8-12. Tarrow, S. (1994) Power in Movement: Collective Action, Social Movements, and Politics in Marens, R. (2002) ‘Inventing corporate governance: The mid-century emergence of shareholder activism’ Journal of Business & Management, 8 (4): 365. Warneryd, K. (2005) Special issue on the politics of corporate governance: Introduction, Economics of Governance, Vol. 6 (2), pp. 91-92.

Organizational Culture Is The Key Values, Beliefs And...

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Keeping the environment clean is another important element of London Drugs culture. They have created the â€Å"What’s the Green Deal?† program, which ensures everything in the company is done in a way which does not harm the environment. According to the Vice President of London Drugs, the best part of the company’s culture is that you get a very open, familial feeling when you are working. The reason behind is that everyone knows how to treat each other and support each other. A big part of the culture is to focus onShow More RelatedOrganizational Culture Within A Hospital Setting1693 Words   |  7 Pages There is a tremendous amount of literature regarding Organizational Culture as it relates to corporate business. Peters and Waterman (1982) book, In Search of Excellence: Lessons from America’s Best Run Companies, became the blueprint for organizational success. 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